CLASSIFICATION OF SOLUTION

 CLASSIFICATION OF SOLUTION

INTRODUCTION:

The Solution is very significant in everyday life. We can't disregard the importance of a solution since we utilise it directly or indirectly from a cup of tea in the morning to dinner.

DIFFENT CLASSIFICATION OF SOLUTION BASED UPON DIFFENT PROPERTIES:

The solutions are categorised into several categories based on the qualities that are taken into account. Some of the most important classifications are as follows.

• Based upon mixture
  
•  Based upon particle size
  
•  Based upon solvent
• Based upon amount of solute

A. BASED UPON MIXTURE IN SOLUTION:

Based upon mixture, the solution is classified into two types.

• Homogeneous solution 
• Binary solution  

 i. HOMOGENEOUS SOLUTION:

Two or more (similar) substances are consistently contained in this solution.

 i.e. 

ii. BINARY SOLUTION/HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE

 This solution contains two components.

 i.e

 B.  BASED UPON SIZE OF PARTICLE:

 In a solution, the particle with the lowest weight is known as the solute, while the particle with the highest weight is known as the solvent.

SOLUTE + SOLVENT = SOLUTION

The solution is categorised into three categories based on particle size.

·        True solution

·        Colloidal solution

·        Suspension solution

i. TRUE SOLUTION:

•  It's a homogenous mixture.
•   It comprises tiny solute particles that are soluble in solvent.

i.e.

ii.   COLLOIDAL SOLUTION:

•  It's a heterogenous mixture.
•   It has two phases : dispersion phase and dispersed phase.

 

i.e. 

iii.   SUSPENSION SOLUTION:

•  It's also a heterogeneous mixture.
• It contains a trace of insoluble particle in the solvent.
•  The solute particle stays clustered and visible to the naked eye.

i.e. 

Comparison of SOLUTION based upon size of particle:

PROPERTY	TRUE SOLUTION	COLLOIDAL SOLUTION	SUSPENSION SOLUTION
SIZE	1 A0   to 10 A0	10 A0 to 2000 A0	Above 2000 A0
APPEARANCE	Transparent	Translucent	Opaque
VISIBILITY OF PARTICLE	Not visible even under the microscope	Visible even under the microscope	Visible to the naked eyes
NATURE	Homogeneous	Heterogenous	Heterogenous
DIFFUSION OF PARTICLE	Diffuse rapidly	Diffuse slowly	Doesn’t diffuse
SCATTERING EFFECT	Does not scatter light	scatter light	Doesn’t scatter light

C.  CLASSIFICATION OF SOLUTION BASED UPON SOLVENT: 

Based upon solvent, it is classified into two types

• Aqueous Solution
• Non- Aqueous Solution:

a.    Aqueous Solution:

 In aqueous solution water acts as the solvent.

b.   Non- Aqueous Solution:

Non-aqueous solution is defined as any material that acts as a solvent other than water

 D. BASED UPON AMOUNT OF SOLUTE:

It is categorised into three categories based on the quantity of solute present in the solution.

•     Unsaturated Solution
  
•    Saturated solution
•    Super saturated solution

a. UNSATURATED SOLUTION:

• At a given temperature, more solute dissolves in this solution.
• It is feasible to add more solute until it hits its limit in this case (point of saturated).

i.e. Water containing sodium chloride.

 

b. SATURATED SOLUTION:

•  When a specified quantity of solvent is reached at a given temperature, no further solute can dissolve.

 

c. SUPER SATURATED SOLUTION:

• At a given temperature, this solution contains more solute than the saturated solution.

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